Giving them such credit for their developments, most of their efforts were focused on designing the first digital computer. Presper Eckert, and John Mauchly were considered to be some of the major pioneers of computer technology in the mid-1900s. Looking at early computing, Alan Turing, J.

Scholarly articles began to be published from different organizations. As time went on, the field of information technology and computer science became more complex and was able to handle the processing of more data. Ideas of computer science were first mentioned before the 1950s under the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard University, where they had discussed and began thinking of computer circuits and numerical calculations. This is the Antikythera mechanism, which is considered the first mechanical analog computer, dating back to the first century BC. As this field continues to evolve across the world, the overall priority and importance has also grown, which is where we begin to see the introduction of computer science-related courses in K-12 education. Information technology is also a branch of computer science, which can be defined as the overall study of procedure, structure, and the processing of various types of data. īased on the storage and processing technologies employed, it is possible to distinguish four distinct phases of IT development: pre-mechanical (3000 BC - 1450 AD), mechanical (1450-1840), electromechanical (1840-1940), and electronic (1940 to present). Several products or services within an economy are associated with information technology, including computer hardware, software, electronics, semiconductors, internet, telecom equipment, and e-commerce. The term is commonly used as a synonym for computers and computer networks, but it also encompasses other information distribution technologies such as television and telephones. We shall call it information technology (IT).' Their definition consists of three categories: techniques for processing, the application of statistical and mathematical methods to decision-making, and the simulation of higher-order thinking through computer programs. Whisler commented that 'the new technology does not yet have a single established name. An information technology system ( IT system) is generally an information system, a communications system, or, more specifically speaking, a computer system - including all hardware, software, and peripheral equipment - operated by a limited group of IT users.Īlthough humans have been storing, retrieving, manipulating, and communicating information since the earliest writing systems were developed, the term information technology in its modern sense first appeared in a 1958 article published in the Harvard Business Review authors Harold J. IT forms part of information and communications technology (ICT). Information technology ( IT) is the use of computers to create, process, store, retrieve, and exchange all kinds of data and information.

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